Brown men, Black women, White anxiety
Migration indienne, mariages interraciaux et classification coloniale en Afrique orientale britannique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.51185/journals/rhca.2022.varia04Mots-clés :
Afrique orientale britannique, migration indienne, identité raciale, exogamie, métissage, IslamRésumé
Les mariages mixtes entre migrants indiens et femmes autochtones en Afrique orientale britannique n’ont jamais fait l’objet d’une étude historique. À partir d’archives coloniales et de sources indiennes, cet article explore ce sujet peu étudié et met en évidence la disparité existante entre les préoccupations raciales de l’administration coloniale et l’expérience vécue des premiers pionniers indiens (d’anciens « engagés », des marchands et des fonctionnaires). Aux yeux des administrateurs coloniaux, soucieux de réguler la migration indienne au sein de l’Empire, les enfants nés de ces mariages mixtes remettaient en question la classification raciale sur laquelle les politiques coloniales et le contrôle des terres étaient fondés, tout en étant la preuve de l’installation permanente des Indiens dans la région. Par contraste, l’analyse d’histoires de familles indo-kenyanes suggère que des facteurs culturels tels que l’appartenance religieuse jouaient un rôle plus important que l’identité raciale dans l’acceptation de ces unions. Il apparaît aussi que les familles mixtes pouvaient, dans certains cas, mettre à mal les catégories raciales établies et contourner les mesures ségrégationnistes à leur avantage.
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(c) Tous droits réservés Daphné Budasz 2021
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
