« Remember home » : genre, syndicalisme et consumérisme urbain sous l’apartheid en Afrique du Sud
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.51185/journals/rhca.2024.060702Mots-clés :
Afrique du Sud, Apartheid, Consumérisme, Genre, Industrialisation, Ségrégation, SyndicatsRésumé
Dans les années 1980, les syndicats sud-africains en plein essor ont été comparés à la génération montante de mouvements démocratiques qui s’attaquaient aux gouvernements autocratiques. L’industrialisation par substitution aux importations (ISI) a transformé les villes du Sud global en sociétés de consommation. Cet article se concentre sur la main-d’œuvre de l’industrie manufacturière de Durban et du KwaZulu-Natal. Il est frappant de constater qu’alors que les intellectuels radicaux espéraient que ces usines deviendraient des sites de mobilisation socialiste, les archives (pamphlets, essais photographiques et mémoires) révèlent à quel point les militants syndicaux étaient profondément imprégnés des évolutions de la société de consommation de l’apartheid. Les analystes déplorent aujourd’hui une nouvelle culture de l’individualisme et de l’enrichissement patriarcal au sein des syndicats contemporains, en contradiction avec leurs traditions radicales. En analysant la littérature grise et les archives produites par les syndicats, j’affirme que ces questions de mobilité sociale, de consommation et d’enrichissement patriarcal ont semé le trouble au sein des syndicats depuis leur création.
Traduit de l’anglais par Françoise Blum, Camille Mathy, Ophélie Rillon et Elena Vezzadini.
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Certains droits réservés 2025 Timothy Gibbs
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
