The kitchen turn in Socialist Yugoslavia: Women, materiality, and (un)paid labor, 1950s-1970s

Auteurs

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.5077/journals/connexe.2023.e962

Mots-clés :

cuisine, arts ménagers, design, matérialités, genre, Yougoslavie socialiste

Résumé

Cet article illustre l’évolution du design des cuisines en Yougoslavie entre le début des années 1950 et le début des années 1970, à partir de son apparition inédite au sein d’institutions d’arts ménagers et d’organisations de femmes, jusqu’à sa production en série, sa commercialisation et sa popularisation par l’industrie du meuble. En nous focalisant sur deux études de cas : la cuisine « Suède » conçue par Branka Tancig en 1954 ainsi que « Cocktail 68 » conçue par Biala Leban en 1968, nous étudions les changements temporels et qualitatifs dans les kitchenscapes de Yougoslavie à la croisée des sujets suivants : activisme des femmes, arts ménagers, design de cuisines, travail (non) rémunéré des femmes. Nous soutenons que l’objectif initial des experts de produire des cuisines simplifiées et efficaces pour les ménages modernes s’est transformé, à la lumière des changements économiques, sociaux et artistiques survenus à partir du milieu des années 1960, en une promotion industrielle de modèles de cuisine élaborés et colorés. Cette transformation ne peut toutefois être réduite à une dichotomie. En effet, bien que les différences de conception soient étroitement liées à l’évolution des matérialités et de leurs valeurs symboliques, tout en promouvant un genre d’utilisateur entièrement différent, ces disparités résultent des efforts de normalisation et de modernisation accomplis par les activités professionnelles des femmes yougoslaves dans les domaines de l’architecture, de la conception et des arts ménagers. En montrant les liens entre ces différents thèmes, nous proposons de nouvelles perspectives sur l’histoire du design yougoslave, de la matérialité, de la science, de l’expertise des femmes, de l’organisation du travail et du transnationalisme dans les années 1950 et 1960.

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28.12.2023

Comment citer

Horvat, Lea, et Ivana Mihaela Žimbrek. 2023. « The Kitchen Turn in Socialist Yugoslavia: Women, Materiality, and (un)paid Labor, 1950s-1970s ». Connexe : Les Espaces Postcommunistes En question(s) 9 (1):11-38. https://doi.org/10.5077/journals/connexe.2023.e962.

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Rubrique

Gender and Materiality in Central and Eastern Europe in the XX c.